《逃避自由》是一本極好的書,是每一位市民都應該讀的書。本書於一九四一年出版,作者佛洛姆利用心理分析來研究現代社會,他強烈批評法西斯主義和納粹主義,他試著解釋這些獨裁者和專制政權如何俘虜人心,和更重要的︰人心為何被俘虜?

作者樂觀,他亦指出了這種「逃避自由」的情況,不過是人沒有理解清楚自己與社會關係,人沒有了解何謂自由、如何自由。人能獨立思考,負起責任,重獲自由其實不難。作者沒有如馬克思一樣的宏圖大計,但我讀完這本小書之後,知道民主制度是給予人人真自由的最優手段,民主是手段,自由才是目的!我記住了︰「民主制度是一種經濟、政治及文化的條件,以便可以充份發展個人的制度。法西斯主義則是要個人服從外在的目標,和減弱個人、個性的發展。」
今天的香港、今天的中國大陸,我們在這本小書中能對號入座。香港人是不是在逃避自由?大陸的社會心理跟作者寫作時代的哪個地方又有甚麼異同。以史為鑑,我們的社會才能真正發展每一個人,令人人有自由。
願人人能做自由、樂暢、幸福的「我」。
PS: I read this
book more than two decades ago and I can only remember parts of it. This
escape from freedom not only attributed to the lack of understanding. Sometimes
even after the recognition of their right, people still choose to be followers,
subservient to whatever decisions from the leadership. You may call it laziness
or intended servitude. I think this happens to Chinese people most prominently.
It may be due to their helplessness and impotence to make any real change of
the overbearing government within their comfort /safety zone. The change in
leadership often exemplified this mode of thinking. People ‘wish’ the new
leaders would be ‘better’ than the erstwhile leaders and it is like religious
idolatry.