問:「幾片蛋糕」是several pieces of cake,但可不可以說several pieces of cakes,表示從幾個蛋糕切下的幾片?
答:Cake作可數名詞(countable noun),指「一個蛋糕」;作不可數名詞(uncountable noun),則指「蛋糕這種食物」。說「幾片蛋糕」,一般會把cake當做不可數名詞,即several pieces of cake。文法上,說several pieces of cakes不是不可以,但不自然。
要表示「從幾個不同的蛋糕切下的幾片」,可說 several pieces from different kinds of cakes /
from a variety of cakes。
問:I know of no one who can afford the time to do
the job(我不知道誰會有時間做這工作)這一句,know of 的 of、the time 的 the 可不可都刪去?
答:Know of 和 know不同:to know of someone 即「知道有這樣一個人」,to know someone 則是「認識這個人」。麥美倫出版社的English Prepositional Idioms有以下例句,可說明兩者的分別:(1)"Do you know Mr Morrison ?" " No, but I know of
him."(「你認識莫里森先生嗎?」「不認識,但對他有所聽聞。」)(2)Do you know of anyone who has a second-hand bicycle for sale ?(你知不知道誰人有二手腳踏車出售?)
至於 afford 之後,the time 的 the 字文法上可以略去,但用 the 比不用常見得多,所以最好還是說 cannot afford the time to do something(沒有時間做某事),不說 cannot afford time to do something。
(訂正:昨日拙欄Let every man marched on foot一語,應作Let every man march on foot,謹此致歉。)