問:Mary is / was dead(瑪麗已死)、Mary is / was Tom's first girlfriend(瑪麗是湯姆第一個女朋友)這兩句,應用is還是was?
答:謹先說第一句。假如瑪麗十年前去世,你現在談到她,仍然應用現在式動詞說is
dead,例如:Mary is dead. She died ten years ago。但假如你在敍述瑪麗死時情況,動詞一直用過去式,那就應說was dead,例如:When
the doctor arrived, Mary was dead(醫生到達時,瑪麗已經死了)。
現在說第二句。假如瑪麗、湯姆兩人目前都活着,那就應用現在式動詞:Mary
is Tom's first girlfriend。假如兩人都已去世,則應用過去式動詞:Mary was
Tom's first girlfriend。又假如兩人有一人已去世,也會用過去式動詞說:Mary was
Tom's first girlfriend。
問:貴欄曾有以下一句:So far what Beijing
has shown itself most capable of is jailing dissidents(北京當局向來最拿手的,顯然是把不服從者關進獄中)。這一句可不可改寫如下?──So
far all Beijing has been capable of is jailing dissidents。
答:這一句文法沒有錯,但意思是「北京當局向來只會把不服從者關進獄中」,和原句有點不同,所言對中共也不公允,欠客觀。說他們「只會抓不服從者」,等於抹殺他們歛大錢、玩美女、喝醇酒、吃珍羞等等拿手本領,未免掛一漏萬。